Backwaters in Kerala - A Complete Travel Guide

Kerala’s backwaters are a captivating network of interconnected rivers, lakes, canals, and lagoons that meander through the state’s lush landscapes. Formed by the meeting of freshwater rivers and tidal waters from the Arabian Sea, these tranquil waterways have been an integral part of Kerala’s culture and livelihood for centuries. Famous for their serene beauty, the backwaters offer a glimpse into traditional village life, where fishermen, farmers, and local artisans carry on age-old practices. Travelers can experience this paradise through houseboat cruises, canoe rides, or quiet walks along the canals. With their rich biodiversity, vibrant culture, and picture-perfect scenery, the backwaters of Kerala remain one of India’s most enchanting and iconic destinations, drawing nature lovers and explorers from across the globe.

The Best Backwaters In Kerala

1. Munroe Island

Munroe Island, located at the confluence of Ashtamudi Lake and the Kallada River in Kollam, is a serene gem of Kerala’s backwaters. Known for its traditional village lifestyle, coconut groves, and narrow canals, it provides an authentic backwater experience away from tourist crowds. Visitors can explore the island by canoe or houseboat, witnessing coir-making, paddy cultivation, and local temples. The lush green surroundings and calm waters make it perfect for photography and birdwatching.
Highlights: Canoe rides, coir villages, traditional Kerala lifestyle, sunset views.
Best Time to Visit: November to February for pleasant weather and calm waters.

2. Kappil Backwaters

Kappil Backwaters, near Varkala, is a tranquil stretch where freshwater lagoons meet the Arabian Sea. Surrounded by coconut palms and rice fields, this destination is ideal for those seeking peace and natural beauty. Visitors can enjoy boat rides, kayaking, and serene walks along the shores. The backwaters are also home to migratory birds, making it popular among birdwatchers. Its offbeat charm and less-crowded environment give a unique backwater experience compared to Alleppey or Kumarakom.
Highlights: Kayaking, birdwatching, serene landscapes, photography.
Best Time to Visit: October to March for clear skies and pleasant temperatures.

3. Anjengo Backwaters

Anjengo, also known as Anchuthengu, is a historic backwater area in Thiruvananthapuram district. It boasts calm lagoons, mangrove forests, and traditional villages, reflecting Kerala’s cultural heritage. The area was historically a Dutch settlement, and visitors can also explore old forts and temples along the backwaters. Houseboat and canoe rides allow tourists to immerse themselves in local life and scenic surroundings, making it a peaceful alternative to busier backwaters.
Highlights: Historical forts, canoe rides, mangrove ecosystems, village exploration.
Best Time to Visit: November to February for comfortable weather and clear waters.

4. Cochin Backwaters

Cochin (Kochi) offers a unique backwater experience blending tradition and urban charm. The backwaters here connect islands like Vypin and Bolgatty with the mainland, offering picturesque cruises. Visitors can enjoy sunset houseboat rides, explore fishing villages, and see colonial architecture along the way. Cochin’s backwaters are ideal for travelers who want both nature and a touch of city life. Cultural experiences such as Kathakali performances or seafood markets add to the trip’s appeal.
Highlights: Sunset cruises, colonial architecture, local cuisine, cultural experiences.
Best Time to Visit: October to March for cool, dry weather and calm waters.

5. Kakkathuruthu Island

Kakkathuruthu, famously known as the “Island of Crows,” is a hidden gem near Vembanad Lake. Known for its serene environment, the island offers calm waters, lush greenery, and vibrant sunsets, perfect for photography and relaxation. Visitors can explore the area by canoe or small boat, witnessing local fishing practices and village life. Its offbeat charm makes it ideal for travelers seeking solitude away from crowded tourist spots.
Highlights: Photography, peaceful canoe rides, village life, sunset views.
Best Time to Visit: November to February for comfortable temperatures and clear skies.

6. Kumarakom Backwaters

Kumarakom, located on the eastern shore of Vembanad Lake, is one of Kerala’s most famous backwater destinations. It’s renowned for its houseboats, luxury resorts, and the Kumarakom Bird Sanctuary, which attracts migratory birds throughout the year. Visitors can enjoy leisurely boat rides, explore local villages, and savor authentic Kerala cuisine on floating decks. Kumarakom offers a mix of serenity and luxury, making it perfect for couples and nature enthusiasts alike.
Highlights: Birdwatching, houseboat cruises, luxury stays, village exploration.
Best Time to Visit: November to February for cool, pleasant weather.

7. Alleppey Backwaters

Alleppey (Alappuzha) is the most iconic backwater destination in Kerala. Often called the “Venice of the East,” it features an extensive network of canals, lakes, and lagoons. Houseboat cruises here allow travelers to experience local life, paddy fields, and coconut groves. Alleppey is also famous for the Nehru Trophy Boat Race, held annually in August or September. Its lively backwaters make it ideal for both first-time visitors and photography enthusiasts.
Highlights: Houseboat cruises, Nehru Trophy Boat Race, paddy fields, sunset views.
Best Time to Visit: November to February for pleasant weather and calm waters.

8. Cherai Island

Cherai Island, located near Kochi, offers a unique blend of backwaters and pristine beaches. The island is surrounded by lagoons and calm waters, ideal for boat rides and kayaking. Visitors can enjoy cycling through the village, spotting birdlife, or relaxing on the quiet Cherai Beach. Its proximity to Kochi makes it convenient for day trips while offering a peaceful backwater retreat.
Highlights: Kayaking, birdwatching, beach and backwater combination, village exploration.
Best Time to Visit: November to February for ideal weather and clear waters.

9. Kottayam Backwaters

Kottayam, often called the gateway to the backwaters, is rich in lakes and canals. Vembanad Lake stretches across the district, providing excellent houseboat and canoeing experiences. Kottayam’s backwaters are surrounded by lush paddy fields, coconut palms, and traditional Kerala villages. Visitors can explore local markets, temples, and small islands for an authentic backwater experience away from commercialized spots.
Highlights: Houseboat cruises, traditional villages, paddy fields, cultural experiences.
Best Time to Visit: November to February for calm waters and cool weather.

10. Kozhikode Backwaters

Kozhikode (Calicut) features serene backwaters with lagoons, estuaries, and mangrove forests near the Malabar Coast. It is less crowded, offering tranquil boat rides, birdwatching, and glimpses of local fishing life. The area also has historic significance, with old ports and colonial-era landmarks. Kozhikode backwaters provide a quiet, offbeat experience for travelers seeking natural beauty combined with cultural richness.
Highlights: Mangrove forests, fishing villages, birdwatching, historical sites.
Best Time to Visit: October to March for pleasant weather and clear waters.

11. Kuttanad Backwaters

Kuttanad, known as the rice-producing region of Kerala, features a rare below-sea-level farming system, with expansive green paddy fields interlaced with tranquil canals. Its vast paddy fields crisscrossed with canals make it a picturesque backwater destination. Houseboat rides here offer authentic glimpses of rural life, traditional farming, and local markets. Kuttanad is less commercialized compared to Alleppey or Kumarakom, providing a peaceful retreat with stunning landscapes and vibrant local culture.
Highlights: Paddy fields, houseboat cruises, village life, traditional farming.
Best Time to Visit: November to February for the best climate and scenic views.

How to Explore the Backwaters in Kerala

Kerala’s backwaters are best explored by water, offering travelers a serene glimpse into the state’s natural beauty and traditional lifestyle. There are multiple ways to navigate these enchanting waterways:

1. By Public Ferry

Public ferries are the most authentic and budget-friendly way to experience Kerala’s backwaters. These ferries connect villages along canals and lakes, providing travelers with a firsthand glimpse of daily life. Onboard, you can observe locals fishing, transporting goods, or commuting between islands. Ferries are ideal for short trips and offbeat exploration, offering a slower, immersive pace that highlights Kerala’s culture and traditions. While not luxurious, the experience is charming, safe, and engaging. Travelers often capture candid photographs of village life and riverside landscapes, making public ferries a unique way to explore lesser-known waterways.

2. By Canoe

Canoes or kayaks provide a quiet, intimate, and adventurous way to explore Kerala’s narrow canals and hidden lagoons. Smaller stretches like Munroe Island, Kakkathuruthu, or the minor channels around Kumarakom are perfect for paddling at a leisurely pace. Canoe rides allow travelers to closely observe birdlife, floating vegetation, and local village activities, including fishing and coir-making. Unlike larger boats, canoes can access secluded waterways, offering peace and solitude. Ideal for nature lovers and photography enthusiasts, canoe rides combine exercise, exploration, and serenity, creating a memorable, eco-friendly backwater experience away from the tourist crowds.

3. By Kettuvalam (Houseboat)

Kettuvalams, or traditional Kerala houseboats, are the most iconic way to explore the backwaters. These spacious, wooden boats feature bedrooms, kitchens, decks, and dining areas, making them ideal for day trips or overnight stays. Sailing through Alleppey, Kumarakom, or Kuttanad, passengers enjoy panoramic views of paddy fields, coconut groves, and village life. Houseboats often serve authentic Kerala cuisine on board, including freshly caught fish and local delicacies. With comfortable facilities and scenic routes, Kettuvalams offer both relaxation and cultural immersion, making them perfect for couples, families, and first-time visitors seeking a quintessential Kerala backwater experience.

4. By Government Cruise

The Kerala State Inland Navigation Corporation (KSINC) operates government-run cruises across key backwaters like Kochi, Alleppey, and Vembanad Lake. These cruises are safe, well-maintained, and suitable for families and groups. Options include day trips, sunset cruises, and night journeys, often accompanied by guides explaining local culture, history, and landmarks. Government cruises offer a hassle-free way to enjoy backwaters without arranging private boats. Comfortable seating, on-board refreshments, and scenic routes make them accessible to all age groups. Travelers can enjoy serene views, traditional villages, and gentle waters while benefiting from structured itineraries and professional services.

When to Visit Kerala’s Backwaters

The ideal time to explore Kerala’s backwaters is between November and February, when the weather is cool, pleasant, and perfect for cruising through calm waters. During these months, the skies are clear, the temperatures range between 20°C and 30°C, and humidity is lower, making houseboat rides, canoeing, and village explorations truly enjoyable.

The monsoon season (June to September), while spectacular for lush greenery and waterfalls, is less suitable for backwater travel due to heavy rains and strong currents. Summer (March to May) can be hot and humid, which may make long cruises uncomfortable.

Visiting in the peak season also allows travelers to enjoy festivals, boat races, and cultural events that enrich the Kerala backwater experience. Planning a trip during November to February ensures serene waterways, breathtaking sunsets, and a safe, comfortable journey through Kerala’s iconic backwaters.

Kerala’s Backwaters Travel Tips

• Best Time to Visit: November to February for cool weather and calm waters. Avoid monsoon season (June–September).
• Choose the Right Transport:
  1. Houseboats (Kettuvalams) for overnight stays and luxury experiences.
  2. Canoes or kayaks for exploring narrow canals and villages.
  3. Public ferries for budget-friendly, authentic local experiences.
• Book in Advance: Popular destinations like Alleppey, Kumarakom, and Kuttanad often require early bookings, especially during peak season.
• Pack Smart: Light cotton clothes, sunglasses, sunscreen, mosquito repellent, and comfortable footwear.
• Respect Local Customs: Dress modestly when visiting villages and temples. Avoid littering and follow eco-friendly practices.
• Stay Connected: Carry cash for local purchases; check internet connectivity if needed on houseboats.
• Safety First: Follow instructions on houseboats and boats, especially if traveling with children or elderly family members.
• Enjoy Local Cuisine: Try fresh seafood, tropical fruits, and traditional Kerala dishes served on houseboats.
• Capture Memories: Early mornings and sunsets are perfect for photography.
• Relax and Unwind: Take time to enjoy the calm waters, greenery, and local village life.

What to Eat in Kerala’s Backwaters

Exploring Kerala’s backwaters is incomplete without tasting its delicious local cuisine. Here’s what travelers must try:

• Karimeen Pollichathu – Pearl spot fish marinated with spices and grilled in banana leaves; a backwater specialty, especially in Alleppey.
• Chemmeen Curry – Fresh prawns cooked in coconut-based gravy, perfect with steamed rice or appam.
• Puttu and Kadala Curry – Steamed rice flour cylinders served with spicy black chickpea curry; a traditional breakfast favorite.
• Appam with Stew – Soft, lacy rice pancakes paired with vegetable, chicken, or mutton stew.
• Meen Curry (Fish Curry) – Made with locally caught freshwater fish, coconut, and aromatic spices.
• Freshwater Crab Curry – A must-try delicacy in Kuttanad and smaller backwater villages.
• Tropical Fruits – Coconut, jackfruit, banana, and papaya, often sold by local vendors along the waterways.
• Kerala Sweets – Ada Pradhaman (rice and jaggery pudding) and Banana Chips, popular snacks on houseboats.
• Local Snacks – Fish fry, tapioca chips, and banana fritters for quick bites during boat rides.

Tip: Most houseboats serve freshly prepared Kerala meals, so try a full traditional meal while cruising for an authentic experience.

Your Backwater Experience Awaits!

Kerala’s backwaters are a serene escape from the chaos of daily life, offering travelers a rare chance to unwind amidst lush greenery, calm waters, and traditional village life. Yet, many miss out on this magical experience due to confusion over where to go, how to explore, or which destinations are truly worth visiting. From houseboat cruises in Alleppey and Kumarakom to canoe rides through hidden lagoons, each experience brings you closer to the heart of Kerala. Don’t let indecision hold you back—plan your perfect backwater journey today and immerse yourself in the beauty, culture, and flavors that make Kerala a once-in-a-lifetime destination.

Book your Kerala backwater adventure now and create memories that will stay with you forever